IFRS S2: Climate-related Disclosures·Paragraph 36
Greenhouse-gas-target specifics and carbon credits
Guida pratica per preparare questa informativa. Usa questa scheda per individuare le informazioni da predisporre, verificare le affermazioni e organizzare le evidenze a supporto. Per i requisiti esatti, fai sempre riferimento alla fonte ufficiale IFRS.
Passaporto pubblicato
Revisione in attesaStandard
IFRS S2: Climate-related Disclosures
Paragraph 36 · 2024
Ultima revisione
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Materiale didattico LRA · Non emesso né approvato da IFRS
Focus dell’informativa
This disclosure asks an organisation to explain its greenhouse-gas targets in a way that lets readers understand what the target actually covers and how it is meant to be achieved. In practice, that means setting out the target’s scope, the gases and activities it applies to, the time horizon, and any assumptions or methods used to measure progress. It also means being clear about whether the target relates to the whole business or only to selected parts of it, so users can see the difference between group-wide coverage and narrower operational coverage.
It also asks for transparency on the role of carbon credits in meeting the target. The practical focus is on whether credits are being used, how they are being used, and how much of the target depends on them. This helps readers judge whether progress is being driven mainly by direct emissions reductions within the organisation’s own operations and value chain, or partly by external offsets or removals.
Questo materiale didattico LRA supporta la preparazione dell’informativa. Per i requisiti esatti, fai sempre riferimento alla fonte ufficiale IFRS.
Prima di iniziare
Prima di iniziare
Una breve checklist prima di preparare questa informativa: spunta ogni voce man mano che la definisci.
Preparazione
Informazioni chiave da preparare
| Campo da preparare | Cosa rilevare | Suggerimento sull’evidenza | Responsabile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linked gross target | If a net target is reported, capture the matching gross target that sits behind it, so the relationship between the two is clear. | Target-setting paper, emissions plan, board paper, or approved KPI schedule showing both figures and how they connect. | Sustainability / climate strategy |
| Credit use reliance | Capture whether the target or claim depends on carbon credits, and the extent of that dependence in the reported period or target design. | Offset procurement records, retirement certificates, target methodology note, or emissions inventory showing credit use. | Sustainability / carbon accounting |
| Credit quality basis | Capture the type of credits used or assumed, plus the quality or integrity conditions the reporter says those credits must meet. | Credit policy, supplier due diligence, registry documentation, or methodology note setting out accepted credit types and quality screens. | Sustainability / procurement |
| Covered gases | Capture which greenhouse gases are included in the reported figure or target, using the same gas set throughout the calculation and disclosure. | Inventory methodology, emissions workbook, or calculation model showing the gases included in the total. | Carbon accounting / sustainability |
| Reporting basis | Capture whether the figure is built on a gross basis or a net basis, and keep that basis consistent across the disclosure and supporting calculations. | Methodology note, KPI schedule, or emissions model showing whether removals, offsets, or other adjustments are included. | Carbon accounting / reporting |
| Included scopes | Capture which emissions scopes are included in the reported figure or target, and make sure the same scope set is used in the source calculation. | Inventory boundary note, emissions workbook, or target methodology showing the included scope categories. | Carbon accounting / sustainability |
| Sector method | Capture the sector-specific method used to set or assess the target, including the named approach and the assumptions that go with it. | Target-setting methodology, sector pathway document, or external framework note used by the business. | Climate strategy / sustainability |
| Assurance provider | Capture who performed the verification or certification, and whether that party is the actual external provider named in the evidence trail. | Assurance statement, certificate, engagement letter, or verifier report naming the provider and the covered period. | Finance / sustainability reporting |
Come prepararla
Richiedi i dati
Request the target and credit evidence pack
Traduci l’informativa in una domanda di business interna, poi adattala al linguaggio della tua organizzazione.
What target wording, coverage and credit assumptions should we use for the organisation’s climate target disclosure, and what supporting evidence shows how those choices were set and checked?
Use your organisation’s own terms first, then map them to the disclosure fields. For example, if your team talks about a decarbonisation plan, emissions pathway, offsetting, removals, or assurance review, use those internal labels in the request and only translate them afterwards for reporting. This is a training template; adapt it to your organisation and check the source material before sign-off.
Richiesta debole
Please provide the IFRS S2 target disclosure data for greenhouse-gas targets and carbon credits.
Perché non funziona: It uses framework language instead of the team’s own working terms, so the owner has to guess which internal documents and decisions are needed. It also does not separate the practical items: target basis, linked gross target, gases, scope coverage, credit use, credit type, quality checks, sector method, and reviewer details.
Richiesta migliore
Please send the climate target pack for [reporting period] from your team’s working files: the target wording, whether it is gross, net, or both, the gases and emissions coverage, any gross target linked to a net target, any use of carbon credits, the credit type and quality checks, the sector pathway used, and who reviewed or verified it. Include the source files or links.
Modello di e-mail formale
Subject: Request for target and credit evidence pack for [reporting period] Hi [name/team], We are preparing the climate target disclosure and need the evidence pack for the organisation’s target setting and any carbon credit use. Please send the information for [reporting period] covering: - the target name used internally and the business area it applies to - whether the target is set on a gross basis, a net basis, or both - the emissions coverage and gases included - any linked gross target where a net target is in place - whether carbon credits are part of the plan, and if so, how they are used - the type of credits, the assumptions used to judge their quality, and any screening or approval notes - the sector method or pathway used, if any - the person or team that reviewed, verified, or certified the information Please include the source files, links, or meeting notes that support the figures and wording. This is a training template; please adapt it to your organisation’s own language and check the source material before sign-off. Thanks, [preparer name]
Versione breve per Teams / Slack
Hi [name/team] — could you share the target and credit evidence pack for [reporting period]? We need the internal target wording, coverage, gases, gross/net basis, any linked gross target, any credit use and quality checks, plus the reviewer/assurer details. Please send the source files or links. Adapt to your own terms first, then map for reporting; check the source material before sign-off.
Esempi di settore
Manufacturing
Contesto. A plant-led business with an operations team that tracks emissions by site and uses a decarbonisation roadmap.
Richiesta adattata. Please share the site and group target pack for [reporting period]: the reduction target wording, whether it is gross or net, which sites and emissions sources it covers, the gases included, any linked gross target, any carbon credit use, the credit type and screening checks, the pathway used for the manufacturing business, and the reviewer or verifier details.
Esempio di risposta. Target pack shows a group net target with a linked gross reduction target, covers Scope 1 and 2 across all plants, includes CO2, methane and nitrous oxide, uses no credits in the base plan, and was reviewed by the sustainability lead and an external assurer.
Financial services
Contesto. A bank or insurer with a sustainability reporting team and a portfolio emissions method alongside operational emissions targets.
Richiesta adattata. Please send the climate target evidence pack for [reporting period]: the internal target wording, whether it is gross, net, or both, the emissions coverage for operations and any portfolio-related target, the gases included, any linked gross target, any carbon credit use, the credit type and integrity checks, the sector method used, and the reviewer or certifier details.
Esempio di risposta. Pack shows an operational net target with a linked gross target, covers Scope 1 and 2 for offices and data centres, includes CO2e, uses a limited volume of credits for residual emissions, records the screening criteria used for those credits, and notes internal review by the sustainability reporting manager.
Redigi la tua informativa
Note che trasformano i dati in un’informativa
Modelli formativi LRA: adattali alla tua organizzazione e verifica la fonte ufficiale prima dell’approvazione.
Nota metodologica
Set out the basis used for the target, including whether it is shown on a gross or adjusted basis, which emissions sources and gases are included, whether a sector-specific method was applied, and what assumptions were made about any credits and their quality, together with any external review or certification.
Nota di contesto
Explain what the figures mean in practice by linking the target design to the emissions sources and gases covered, the degree of reliance on credits, and whether the reported figure is a gross or adjusted view of the target.
Dichiarazione sulle variazioni
If the target picture has changed, explain whether the movement comes from a shift between gross and adjusted presentation, a change in credit reliance or credit assumptions, a different emissions coverage, or a revised sector-based method.
Voce dell’indice dei contenuti
s2-36 Greenhouse-gas-target specifics and carbon credits — [location / page] / [notes]Centro download
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Preparazione all’assurance
Per ogni affermazione, verifica le evidenze
| Affermazione | Rischio | Evidenze da verificare |
|---|---|---|
| We checked whether the target table separates the gross figure from any net-based target, so the reader can see the two bases distinctly. | The assurer may test whether a net target has been mixed into the gross figure, or whether the split is only implied rather than clearly shown. | Target schedule, drafting notes, internal review mark-up, and the final published table showing separate entries or labels for gross and net-based targets. |
| We limited the target coverage to the gases actually intended for that measure, and we kept the basis consistent with the underlying calculation file. | The assurer may probe whether the gases listed match the source model and whether any gas was omitted or added without support. | Target methodology paper, emissions inventory mapping, calculation workbook, and sign-off showing the gases included in the disclosed target. |
| We stated which emissions areas the target applies to, using the same scope boundary as the supporting data pack. | The assurer may check whether the scope boundary in the disclosure matches the operational boundary used in the source data and whether any scope was left out without explanation. | Boundary memo, scope mapping, source data extracts by scope, and reviewer comments confirming the published scope coverage. |
| We made the basis of the target clear by saying whether it was built from a sector-style pathway or from another internal approach. | The assurer may ask whether the stated basis is supported by the planning papers and whether the wording overstates the method used. | Target-setting paper, pathway analysis, board or management approval pack, and the final disclosure wording showing the chosen basis. |
| Where a net-based target was used, we set out how much reliance there is on future carbon credits and how those credits are expected to support delivery. | The assurer may test whether the level of reliance is quantified or described consistently, and whether the disclosure matches the planning assumptions. | Target model, credit reliance schedule, assumptions paper, and evidence that the published description matches the approved plan. |
| For any credits planned for use, we described the type of credit and the checks we used on quality and credibility before publication. | The assurer may probe whether the credit type is specific enough and whether the integrity criteria were actually assessed rather than assumed. | Credit procurement or strategy papers, quality assessment checklist, supplier or project documentation, and internal approval records for the published description. |
Pacchetto di evidenze da preparare
Lacune ricorrenti nella rendicontazione
Lacune ricorrenti
Errori da evitare nella raccolta dei dati
Dove serve spesso un giudizio professionale
Esempi
Esempi illustrativi
Sintetici, scritti da LRA: non provengono dal report di un’azienda né dal testo di uno standard.
We describe our emissions plan on a **gross** basis, then show the smaller **net** figure after using credits, so the reader can see the underlying reduction path and the offset effect separately.
- Our target covers **Scopes 1, 2 and 3** and includes **carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide**.
- The gross pathway is a **42% cut by 2030 from a 2024 base year**; after allowing for credits, the net pathway is **50%**. The credit-backed share is therefore **8 percentage points**, or **160 ktCO2e** out of a **2,000 ktCO2e** base.
- We expect to use **high-integrity avoidance and removal credits** from projects that are independently checked under recognised third-party programmes; the assumptions are that the credits are additional, not double-counted, and remain valid for the period in which we plan to use them.
- A specialist external verifier has reviewed the target design and the calculation approach, and a separate certifier will confirm the credit instruments before retirement.
Illustrative only: shows how to explain a gross target, the linked net outcome, the gases and scopes included, the reliance on credits, the quality assumptions for those credits, and who independently checked the approach.
We set out our climate target on a **gross** basis first, then explain the **net** result after planned credit use, so the operational reduction is visible on its own.
- The target applies to **Scopes 1 and 2**, plus selected **Scope 3** categories, and it covers **carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases**.
- From a **1,200 ktCO2e** 2025 base, the gross aim is a **30%** cut by 2035; the net aim is **35%**, with credits contributing the remaining **5 percentage points** or **60 ktCO2e**.
- We expect the credits to be **nature-based removals** issued under a recognised registry, and we assume they are independently verified, permanent for the intended holding period, and not already claimed by another party.
- Our target was reviewed by an external assurance provider, and the credit programme itself is certified by an independent body before we count any units.
Illustrative only: shows a different sector using a gross-first presentation, a net outcome supported by credits, the gases and scopes included, the type and quality expectations for credits, and the independent review/certification trail.
Report aziendali
Come le aziende rendicontano S2-36 nella pratica
Esempi di prassi di rendicontazione completa e parziale. Sono analisi basate sulle evidenze, non modelli da copiare.
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Verifica la tua comprensione
Scenari da affrontare
A group has a long-term emissions aim set on a net basis, but the draft report only says the business will reach net zero by 2040. The working papers also show a separate gross reduction pathway, plus planned use of carbon credits in the final years.
A manufacturer has a 2035 climate target covering only carbon dioxide and methane from scopes 1 and 2. The sustainability team wants to describe the target as a single company-wide emissions goal without mentioning the gases excluded or the fact that the pathway is sector-based.
A company plans to meet part of its 2030 target by buying credits from a mix of forestry and industrial gas projects. The draft note says only that credits will be used, but it does not explain how much of the target depends on them or what quality checks were applied.
A business has had its climate target reviewed by an external certifier, and the team wants to mention the review in a footnote only. The main target table already shows the end date and headline reduction percentage, but not the reviewer or the gross-versus-net basis.
Riferimenti al framework
Requisiti IFRS / ISSB pertinenti e informative correlate
Riferimenti disponibili al framework e informative vicine utili alla preparazione di questo requisito.
IFRS / ISSB
s2-36
all’interno di IFRS S2: Climate-related Disclosures
Correlati ed esplora
Altro in IFRS S2 → Sfoglia il catalogo completo → Home della Biblioteca delle informative → Cerca in tutte le informative →
FAQ
Domande a cui risponde questa pagina
The page says to prepare eight datapoints: linked gross target, credit use reliance, credit quality basis, covered gases, reporting basis, included scopes, sector method and assurance provider. Use the step-by-step preparation section to turn that list into your data request and draft plan.
Use it as a working checklist to move from the plain-language explainer to the datapoints, then into the evidence pack and draft output. The page is designed to help you prepare the disclosure, not just read about it.
The page is set up for a sustainability/ESG manager, HR or data owner, and assurance reviewer to work from the same page. In practice, assign ownership for each of the eight datapoints and the evidence pack items so the draft can be built and checked efficiently.
The page includes an evidence pack with five items for assurance readiness, plus six assurance claims to verify with claim, risk and evidence. Use those sections to build a file that shows where each reported point came from and how it was checked.
The page has a section on common reporting gaps and mistakes to help you spot issues before you finalise the draft. Use it alongside the datapoints and evidence pack so you can check for missing scope, unclear basis or weak support.
The draft-output section gives visualisation ideas, narrative starters and a content-index line to help you move from source data to a usable draft. It is meant to help you assemble the disclosure in a practical way, not to replace your own judgement.
The page includes synthetic illustrative example disclosures, including a quantitative table where relevant, so you can see how the information might look in a draft. Treat it as a formatting and structure aid only, and keep your own numbers internally consistent.
The Download Centre includes a Prep & Assurance workbook in .xlsx format. Use it to organise the datapoints, evidence and assurance checks before you write the draft.
The Download Centre also includes a printable Library Card in .pdf format. It is there as a practical reference you can keep alongside the workbook while you prepare the disclosure.
The page says the closest ESRS correspondence is ESRS E1 (Climate Change), so the data may be reusable across workstreams. Use the page as a practical bridge, but do not assume the reporting asks are identical.
Check that the eight datapoints are complete, the five evidence-pack items are in place, and the six assurance claims have supporting evidence. The page’s common mistakes section is also useful for a final pre-assurance review.
Altre domande in cui questa pagina può aiutare
Approfondisci · s2-36
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