Disclosure GuidesThe questions that hold a report up, settled

London Reporting Academy·Disclosure guides

Understand the questions behind the standards.

Expert-written answers to the questions that slow reporting teams down. Each one opens with the conclusion, shows the requirement it rests on, explains the conditions and the judgement involved, and links to the disclosure cards the decision affects.

  • 478 guides published
  • Practitioner-written, technically reviewed
  • A named reviewer, with a date
  • Free to read

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Answers from the published guides · 275 disclosure cards · 1,211 indexed reports

Disclosure guides

New standards and transition

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ISSB·Explainer·New standards and transition

IFRS S2 Transition Plan Disclosures: Strategy, Assumptions, Resources and Progress

IFRS S2 does not universally require an entity to have or publish a formal transition plan. It does require material information about how the entity is responding and plans to respond to climate-related risks and opportunities.

Helps you decideIFRS S2 Transition Plan Disclosures: Strategy, Assumptions, Resources and Progress

Reviewed 11 Aug 2026 15 min Read the guide →

ISSB·Comparison·New standards and transition

IFRS S2 vs TCFD: What Changed and How to Transition

A strong TCFD-aligned report provides a useful starting architecture for IFRS S2 because IFRS S2 integrates the four TCFD pillars and the 11 recommended disclosures. Transition is not, however, a re-labelling exercise.

Helps you decideWhich existing disclosures can be retained, which need greater specificity, and which new IFRS S1/S2 requirements need data, methods or approval?

Reviewed 10 Aug 2026 9 min Read the guide →

ISSB·Decision guide·New standards and transition

IFRS S2 GHG Amendments 2025: What Changed and How to Prepare for 2027

The December 2025 amendments make targeted changes to IFRS S2 rather than replacing its GHG architecture. They clarify that a required jurisdictional or exchange method can be used for the affected part of an entity, permit required alternative GWP values for that part, allow an entity to limit Category 15 measurement to financed emissions, introduce transparency about derivatives and excluded financial activities, require a total Category 15 amount plus a financed-emissions subtotal when Category 15 is included, and refine industry-classification requirements for financed-emissions disclosures.

Helps you decideWhether to early apply, which reliefs are relevant, what data-model changes are needed, and how to prepare comparatives for 2027.

Reviewed 10 Aug 2026 16 min Read the guide →

ISSB·Decision guide·New standards and transition

Are IFRS S1 and IFRS S2 Mandatory?

IFRS S1 and IFRS S2 are not automatically mandatory for every entity worldwide. Their effective date tells an entity when the Standards can be applied as issued by the ISSB; it does not itself create a legal reporting obligation.

Helps you decideWhat binding reporting obligation applies to the entity, from which period, and what reporting claim is supportable?

Reviewed 11 Aug 2026 16 min Read the guide →

How an LRA guide is built

Every answer follows the same discipline.

You should be able to stop reading after the first paragraph and still have what you came for. Everything below it exists so you can defend the answer to a reviewer.

  1. 01
    Answer

    The question is stated as a reporting team would ask it, and settled in the opening lines.

  2. 02
    Basis

    The official source and edition are named, and kept clearly apart from our reading of them.

  3. 03
    Judgement

    The points the standard leaves open are marked, with what a defensible position looks like.

  4. 04
    Action

    The answer links to the disclosures and evidence it affects, so a decision turns into fields to fill.

  • Practitioner-written, then technically reviewed
  • A named reviewer, with a date
  • Requirements kept separate from practice and interpretation
  • Stated update triggers for re-reading each answer

Coverage

Which frameworks have answers yet.

The guides tier is written framework by framework rather than thinly across all of them, so this says where the writing has actually reached. Disclosure cards, which cover the requirements themselves, run ahead of it.

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Turn the decision into a disclosure.

An answer settles what to do. The disclosure card is where it becomes data to collect, owners to name, evidence to retain and wording to draft — and when the whole reporting cycle is the problem, the programme walks it with a mentor on your own data.

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